Meta-Analysis: High-Dosage Vitamin E Supplementation May Increase All-Cause Mortality

Figure 2. Area of each square is proportional to inverse of study variance in the analysis. Horizontal lines represent 95%
CIs. ADCS = Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study; AREDS = Age-Related Eye Diseases Study; ATBC = Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene
Cancer Prevention Study Group; CHAOS = Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study; DATATOP = Deprenyl and Tocopherol Antioxidative
Therapy of Parkinsonism; GISSI-Prevenzione = Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarcto Miocardio Prevenzione;
HOPE = Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation; MIN.VIT.AOX = The Geriatrie/MINéraux, VITamines, et AntiOXydants Network; MRC/BHF
HPS = Medical Research Council/British Heart Foundation Heart Protection Study; PPP = Primary Prevention Project; PPS = Polyp
Prevention Study; REACT = Roche European American Cataract Trial; SPACE = Secondary Prevention with Antioxidants of Cardiovascular
disease in Endstage renal disease; SU.VI.MAX = SUpplementation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants; VECAT = Vitamin E, Cataracts,
and Age-Related Maculopathy; WAVE = Women's Angiographic Vitamin and Estrogen.
Risk difference in all-cause mortality for randomized, controlled trials of vitamin E supplementation and pooled results for
low-dosage (<400 IU/d) and high-dosage (≥400 IU/d) vitamin E trials.
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Published online before print
November 10, 2004,
Ann Intern Med
January 4, 2005
vol. 142
no. 1
37-46