Screening for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
- Heidi D. Nelson, MD, MPH;
- Mark Helfand, MD, MPH;
- Steven H. Woolf, MD, MPH; and
- Janet D. Allan, PhD, RN
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From the Oregon Health & Science University and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon; Virginia Commonwealth University,
Fairfax, Virginia; and University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Figure. The dotted line indicates women with at least one risk factor; the solid line indicates women without risk factors. Number needed to screen to prevent one hip fracture in 5 years.
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Appendix Figure. The analytic framework is a schematic outline used to define the population, preventive service, diagnostic
or therapeutic interventions, and intermediate and health outcomes considered in the review. The arrows represent key questions
that the evidence must answer, and demonstrate the chain of logic that evidence must support, to link the preventive service
to improved health outcomes. KQ = key question. KQ 1: Does screening using risk factor assessment or bone density testing
reduce fractures? KQ 2: Does risk factor assessment accurately identify women who may benefit from bone density testing? KQ
3: Do bone density measurements accurately identify women who may benefit from treatment? KQ 4: What are the harms of screening?
KQ 5: Does treatment reduce the risk of fractures in women identified by screening? KQ 6: What are the harms of treatment? Analytic framework.
- Copyright ©2004 by the American College of Physicians
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Ann Intern Med
September 17, 2002
vol. 137
no. 6
529-541
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View larger version:Figure. The dotted line indicates women with at least one risk factor; the solid line indicates women without risk factors. Number needed to screen to prevent one hip fracture in 5 years.
View larger version:Appendix Figure. The analytic framework is a schematic outline used to define the population, preventive service, diagnostic or therapeutic interventions, and intermediate and health outcomes considered in the review. The arrows represent key questions that the evidence must answer, and demonstrate the chain of logic that evidence must support, to link the preventive service to improved health outcomes. KQ = key question. KQ 1: Does screening using risk factor assessment or bone density testing reduce fractures? KQ 2: Does risk factor assessment accurately identify women who may benefit from bone density testing? KQ 3: Do bone density measurements accurately identify women who may benefit from treatment? KQ 4: What are the harms of screening? KQ 5: Does treatment reduce the risk of fractures in women identified by screening? KQ 6: What are the harms of treatment? Analytic framework.
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