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Young adults with knee injuries are at considerably increased risk for osteoarthritis later in life and should be targeted in the primary prevention of osteoarthritis.
Screening for transferrin saturation and ferritin levels does not detect all homozygotes for the major hemochromatosis mutation. Heterozygotes for HFE mutations had a lower prevalence of iron deficiency anemia.
Many patients with Parkinson disease—including all of those with sympathetic neurocirculatory failure—have evidence of cardiac sympathetic denervation. This finding suggests that loss of catecholamine innervation in Parkinson disease occurs in the nigrostriatal system in the brain and in the sympathetic nervous system in the heart.
In contrast to anabolic therapies that may have adverse effects on metabolic variables, supervised exercise effectively increases muscle mass and is associated with significant positive health benefits in eugonadal men with AIDS wasting.
Existing indices for prediction of cardiac complications performed better than chance, but no index is significantly superior. There is room for improvement in our ability to predict such complications.
No gold-standard diagnostic test is available for chronic abacterial prostatitis, and the methodologic quality of available studies of diagnostic tests is low. The few existing treatment trials were methodologically weak and involved small samples. The existing evidence does not support the routine use of antibiotics and α-blockers to treat chronic abacterial prostatitis.
Goldstein and colleagues' elegant study, reported in this issue, shows that sympathetic cardiac innervation is selectively affected in Parkinson disease and pure autonomic failure but is intact in multiple-system atrophy. This may turn out to be a useful diagnostic test to distinguish between Parkinson disease and multiple-system atrophy.
In this issue, Gilbert and colleagues report on the relatively low accuracy of existing perioperative risk indices in predicting adverse perioperative events. However, in a low-risk population, the accurate prediction of few adverse events is to be expected. Thus, risk scores above a given threshold should not be relied on as a guide to preventive interventions.
The Tavistock principles are a set of ethical principles for everyone in health care. Are these the right principles, and are these principles right?
The author discusses how his book Time to Heal: American Medical Education from the Turn of the Century to the Era of Managed Care came into being.
This Update reviews studies of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, interstitial disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and venous thromboembolic disease.
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