Plasma HIV Viral Load in Patients with Hemophilia and Late-Stage HIV Disease: A Measure of Current Immune Suppression

  1. Eric A. Engels, MD, MPH;
  2. Philip S. Rosenberg, PhD;
  3. Thomas R. O'Brien, MD, MPH;
  4. James J. Goedert, MD; and
  5. for the Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study
  1. From the National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
    1. Figure 1. - The thin solid line represents a viral load less than 4.00 log copies/mL, the dotted-and-dashed line represents a viral load of 4.00 to 4.99 log copies/mL, the dotted line represents a viral load of 5.00 to 5.99 log copies/mL, and the thick solid line represents a viral load of at least 6.00 log copies/mL. The numbers of patients under follow-up in each stratum at each 12-month interval are given below the graph.
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      Figure 1. - The thin solid line represents a viral load less than 4.00 log copies/mL, the dotted-and-dashed line represents a viral load of 4.00 to 4.99 log copies/mL, the dotted line represents a viral load of 5.00 to 5.99 log copies/mL, and the thick solid line represents a viral load of at least 6.00 log copies/mL. The numbers of patients under follow-up in each stratum at each 12-month interval are given below the graph. KaplanMeier curves showing time to AIDS-related illness for strata defined by baseline HIV viral load.10101010
    2. Figure 2. Hazard ratios are shown on a log scale as point estimates and surrounding 95% CIs. Baseline viral load was most strongly associated with risk for disease in early follow-up intervals; hazard ratios, which indicate ongoing disease risk, decrease over time. The diagonal line indicates the linear interaction of log viral load with time (  = 0.002).
      View larger version:
      Figure 2. Hazard ratios are shown on a log scale as point estimates and surrounding 95% CIs. Baseline viral load was most strongly associated with risk for disease in early follow-up intervals; hazard ratios, which indicate ongoing disease risk, decrease over time. The diagonal line indicates the linear interaction of log viral load with time (  = 0.002). Hazard ratios for AIDS-related illness (unadjusted), corresponding to a 1-log 10 increase in baseline viral load, presented separately for each 6-month interval of follow-up.10P
    3. Figure 3. - The thin solid line represents a CD4 count of 150 to 199 cells/mm , the dotted-and-dashed line represents a CD4 count of 100 to 149 cells/mm , the dotted line represents a CD4 count of 50 to 99 cells/mm , and the thick solid line represents a CD4 count less than 50 cells/mm . The numbers of patients under follow-up in each stratum at each 12-month interval are given below the graph.
      View larger version:
      Figure 3. - The thin solid line represents a CD4 count of 150 to 199 cells/mm , the dotted-and-dashed line represents a CD4 count of 100 to 149 cells/mm , the dotted line represents a CD4 count of 50 to 99 cells/mm , and the thick solid line represents a CD4 count less than 50 cells/mm . The numbers of patients under follow-up in each stratum at each 12-month interval are given below the graph. KaplanMeier curves showing time to development of AIDS-related illness for strata defined by baseline CD4 cell count.3333
    4. Figure 4. Hazard ratios are shown on a log scale as point estimates and surrounding 95% CIs. Baseline CD4 cell count was most predictive of disease in early follow-up intervals; hazard ratios, which indicate ongoing disease risk, decrease over time. The diagonal line indicates the linear interaction of CD4 cell count with time (  = 0.08).
      View larger version:
      Figure 4. Hazard ratios are shown on a log scale as point estimates and surrounding 95% CIs. Baseline CD4 cell count was most predictive of disease in early follow-up intervals; hazard ratios, which indicate ongoing disease risk, decrease over time. The diagonal line indicates the linear interaction of CD4 cell count with time (  = 0.08). Hazard ratios for AIDS-related illness (unadjusted), corresponding to a decrease of 50 cells/mm a3 in baseline CD4 count, presented separately for each 6-month interval of follow-up.P
    5. Figure 5. The thin solid line represents patients with a baseline CD4 count of 25 to 49 cells/mm and a viral load less than 5.3 log copies/mL, the dashed- and-dotted line represents patients with a baseline CD4 count of 25 to 49 cells/mm and a viral load ≥ 5.3 log copies/mL, the dotted line represents patients with a CD4 count of 0 to 24 cells/mm and a viral load less than 5.3 log copies/mL, and the thick solid line represents patients with a CD4 count of 0 to 24 cells/mm and a viral load ≥ 5.3 log copies/mL. The numbers of patients under follow-up in each stratum at each 12-month interval are given below the graph.
      View larger version:
      Figure 5. The thin solid line represents patients with a baseline CD4 count of 25 to 49 cells/mm and a viral load less than 5.3 log copies/mL, the dashed- and-dotted line represents patients with a baseline CD4 count of 25 to 49 cells/mm and a viral load ≥ 5.3 log copies/mL, the dotted line represents patients with a CD4 count of 0 to 24 cells/mm and a viral load less than 5.3 log copies/mL, and the thick solid line represents patients with a CD4 count of 0 to 24 cells/mm and a viral load ≥ 5.3 log copies/mL. The numbers of patients under follow-up in each stratum at each 12-month interval are given below the graph. Kaplan-Meier curves showing time to development of AIDS-related illness for patients with baseline CD4 counts less than 50 cells/mm3.310310310310
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    1. Ann Intern Med August 17, 1999 vol. 131 no. 4 256-264
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