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21 August 2001 | Volume 135 Issue 4 | Pages 262-268
Background: Although recent research has shown that many people in the United States use complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies, little is known about time trends in use.
Objective: To present data on time trends in CAM therapy use in the United States over the past half-century.
Design: Nationally representative telephone survey of 2055 respondents that obtained information on current use, lifetime use, and age at first use for 20 CAM therapies.
Setting: The 48 contiguous U.S. states.
Participants: Household residents 18 years of age and older.
Measurement: Retrospective self-reports of age at first use for each of 20 CAM therapies.
Results: Previously reported analyses of these data showed that more than one third of the U.S. population was currently using CAM therapy in the year of the interview (1997). Subsequent analyses of lifetime use and age at onset showed that 67.6% of respondents had used at least one CAM therapy in their lifetime. Lifetime use steadily increased with age across three age cohorts: Approximately 3 of every 10 respondents in the pre–baby boom cohort, 5 of 10 in the baby boom cohort, and 7 of 10 in the post–baby boom cohort reported using some type of CAM therapy by age 33 years. Of respondents who ever used a CAM therapy, nearly half continued to use many years later. A wide range of individual CAM therapies increased in use over time, and the growth was similar across all major sociodemographic sectors of the study sample.
Conclusions: Use of CAM therapies by a large proportion of the study sample is the result of a secular trend that began at least a half century ago. This trend suggests a continuing demand for CAM therapies that will affect health care delivery for the foreseeable future.
Author and Article Information
From Harvard Medical School and Center for Alternative Medicine Research and Education, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
Acknowledgment: The authors thank the staff of DataStat, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan, for assistance with telephone data collection.
Grant Support: In part by the National Institutes of Health (grants U24 AR43441 and K05 MH00507), the John E. Fetzer Institute, the American Society of Actuaries, the Friends of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, the Kenneth J. Germeshausen Foundation, and the J.E. and Z.B. Butler Foundation.
Requests for Single Reprints: Ronald C. Kessler, MD, Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; e-mail, kessler{at}hcp.med.harvard.edu.
Current Author Addresses: Dr. Kessler and Ms. Walters: Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115.
Dr. Davis, Dr. Foster, Ms. Van Rompay, Ms. Wilkey, Dr. Kaptchuk, and Dr. Eisenberg: Center for Alternative Medicine Research and Education, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215. ACADEMIA AND CLINIC
COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE SERIES
Series Editors: David M. Eisenberg, MD, and Ted J. Kaptchuk, OMD
Long-Term Trends in the Use of Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapies in the United States
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